RESUMO
Considering the epidemic of corona disease in the world and the importance of paying attention to pregnant women as one of the most important vulnerable groups, it is felt necessary to conduct studies and properly teach them preventive behaviors. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the factors influencing the prevention of covid-19, based on the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), among pregnant women. This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2020 with the participation of 231 pregnant women who referred to the comprehensive health service centers of Langrod city, who were selected by simple random sampling. The tool of data collection was a questionnaire consisting of two sections of demographic information and PMT constructs. According to the results, 10.32% reported a history of Covid-19 infection. Carrying out protective behaviors, such as using a mask (94.4 percent), washing hands frequently with soap and water (88.8 percent), maintaining a distance of at least one and a half meters from other people (84.5 percent) in a favorable position and avoiding. The participation in the periods (71.4 percent) was relatively favorable. The result of linear regression analysis showed that perceived self-efficacy (ß=0.450) and perceived response effectiveness (ß=0.305) were predictors of protective motivation or intention to perform protective behaviors against Covid-19. Also, 66.7% of women were on the path of perceived risk. The PMT can be used as a framework in designing educational programs in order to perform preventive behaviors against infectious diseases such as Covid-19.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Hospital staffs are at high risk of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV preventive behaviors play a peculiar role in the reduction of the incidence and mortality of this infection. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the prevention behaviors of COVID-19 among health staff based on the Extended Parallel Model (EPPM) in western Iran. STUDY DESIGN: It was a cross-sectional study. . METHODS: The present study was performed in the west of Iran in April 2020. In total, 1,664 cases were enrolled in this study via multi-stage sampling. The data were collected using a questionnaire, including the demographic characteristics of participants and EPPM constructs. All analyses were conducted in Stata software (version 14) at a 5% significant level. RESULTS: As evidenced by the obtained results, 1,523 (91.53%), 1,226 (73.68%), 1,526 (91.71%), 893 (53.67%), and 862 (51.86%) of health staff wear gloves, use masks, avoid contact with others, maintain a good distance from other people, and wash their hands frequently with water and soap, respectively. In terms of using gloves and avoiding contacts with others, participants with high perceived threat had higher odds of observing health behaviors (OR= 3.14, 95% CI: 2.08, 4.73; P<0.001) and (OR= 3.1, 95% CI: 2.04, 4.69; P<0.001), respectively. In all categories of EPPM, the participants with high efficacy had higher odds of exhibiting health behaviors, compared to those with low efficacy (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study demonstrated that health workers are expected to be at the highest level of threat and efficiency. Moreover, the findings emphasized the effectiveness of the recommended strategies in the prevention of COVID-19 disease.